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GIS Based Morphometric Analysis of Gudina Wacho Watershed, Western Ethiopia: Suggestion for Surface Irrigation Development
Gebre Gidey,
Tekalign Ketema,
Gezahegn Gashu,
Sime Deressa
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
82-89
Received:
26 July 2021
Accepted:
6 August 2021
Published:
26 September 2021
Abstract: Morphometric analysis of watershed has a vigorous protagonist in predicting site for surface irrigation development. Morphometric analysis is the measurement and mathematical examination of the arrangement of the earth’s surface, shape and dimension of its landform. The present study was analyzed the morphometric parameters (liner, areal and relief parameters) of Gudina Wacho watershed for surface irrigation development using GIS. SRTM DEM with 20-meter spatial resolution of the study area was used for the morphometric parameters analysis. The results revealed that the stream orders of the watershed varies from first order to sixth order with a total of 1266 stream numbers measured a total length of 408.98 Kms. It is also elongated in shape, contains high value of bifurcation ratio, high value of drainage density, higher stream frequency, have moderate slopes with moderate gravity flow of water, moderate infiltration and higher soil moisture content. These results revealed the rainwater will reach the main channel more rapidly and thus a high response to runoff. Also indicates it is simple to harvest rainwater / runoff water for surface irrigation development and implies as good category for surface irrigation. Over all of the morphometric analysis reflects the watershed is favorable for surface irrigation development and it can benefit the local community to meet the food demand. For more proper evaluation of the watershed for surface irrigation development, further investigation on the physical land suitability analysis of the watershed is needed.
Abstract: Morphometric analysis of watershed has a vigorous protagonist in predicting site for surface irrigation development. Morphometric analysis is the measurement and mathematical examination of the arrangement of the earth’s surface, shape and dimension of its landform. The present study was analyzed the morphometric parameters (liner, areal and relief...
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Community Level Project Planning (CLPP) Assessment Report, Natural Resource Research Directorate, Worabe, Southern Ethiopia
Tagesse Bekele,
Muluken Getahun,
Tafese Makebo,
Tafese Makebo
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
90-104
Received:
14 April 2021
Accepted:
19 May 2021
Published:
26 September 2021
Abstract: Ethiopian economy is supported by its agricultural sector which is fundamental instrument for poverty alleviation, food security, and economic growth. One of the constraints in agricultural research is weak participatory project planning to alleviate agricultural problems. Any research activities carried out without baseline information were not targeted on root problems of the research area. Most of research activities carried out in the field was not considered constraints and opportunity of the study area. In other words, in agricultural research, poor problems identifications before field demonstration/experimentation may lead to reaching in to false finding. Therefore, this community level based project planning/CLPP/ assessment was aimed to identify agricultural constraints and opportunities of targeted Woredas of Silte, Gurage Zones and Yem Special woreda in 2008 E.C. The assessment was done from Silte Zone in (Alicho Weroro, Misrak Azernet Berbere and Mierab Azernet Berbere districts), from Gurage Zone (Geta, Enemor Ener, Gummer, Endigagn and Cheha Woredas) and Yem special woreda. Therefore, this paper highlights the CLPP (community level project planning) assessment was reported in tabular and listed. The aim of this assessment was to provide information to those who develop demand driven research activities. The assessment report mainly focused on Natural resource research constraint and opportunities of Worabe agricultural research center AGP-II thematic Woredas by selected representative kebeles from each Woreda in the project zones. All the collected constraints and opportunities of natural resource research directorate were listed down in tabular form and short bulleted discussion from each woredas’ were written in precisely. In addition to this, major problems of the area were attempted to narrate below in the table shortly. The study shows there were different research constraint almost all in assessed woredas’ which needs intervention of natural resource research work in different disciplines.
Abstract: Ethiopian economy is supported by its agricultural sector which is fundamental instrument for poverty alleviation, food security, and economic growth. One of the constraints in agricultural research is weak participatory project planning to alleviate agricultural problems. Any research activities carried out without baseline information were not ta...
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Effect of Alternate Furrow Irrigation with Different Irrigation Intervals on Tomato (Lycopersicon E.) Yield and Water Use Efficiency
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
105-112
Received:
24 August 2021
Accepted:
22 September 2021
Published:
27 September 2021
Abstract: Experiment was conducted at Eastern Ethiopia of Harari Regional State of Erer Woldiya district, on farmers’ field for two years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of AFI and EFI with different irrigation intervals on growth component, yield and water use efficiency of tomato for two years 2018 and 2019. Accordingly plant height and NFPP were significantly (P<0.05) influenced by (IMs), whereas (IIs) had highly significant (P<0.01) effect on plant height and NFPP at both planting season. Total tomato yield was significantly influenced (P<0.05) by furrow IMs, but application frequency had highly significant (p<0.01). Water saved from treatment combination of AFI with 4, 6 and 8 days water IIs were 16%, 44% and 58% of total volume of irrigation water applied. Whereas water saved from EFI with 6 and 8 days of application was 33.3% and 50% respectively. AFI with 4 day water application shows little yield reduction as 4.97%, as compared with no stressed treatment; EFI with the same water application frequency). But AFI with 4 day II was saves 16% water from gross water applied for no stressed treatment EFI with 4 day. Treatment with 6 day II of AFI and, EFI were indicated that significant yield reduction as 15.74% and 14.61% respectively. But total amount of gross volume of irrigation water saved as 44 and 33.3% for AFI and EFI of the same II treatment. Crop water productivity (CWUE, IWUE and EWP) were highly significantly (P<0.01) influenced by both IMs and IIs. The result clearly confirms that, AFI had beneficial advantage over EFI on water saving and, the same consequent is happened for irrigation interval i.e. increasing interval from 4 day followed by 6 to 8 days increases water use efficiency of crop. Hence the result indicates that interaction effect of both factors (IMs and IIs) could save significant amount of irrigation water.
Abstract: Experiment was conducted at Eastern Ethiopia of Harari Regional State of Erer Woldiya district, on farmers’ field for two years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of AFI and EFI with different irrigation intervals on growth component, yield and water use efficiency of tomato for two years 2018 and 2019. Accordingly plant height a...
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Characterization of the Hydrogeological Functioning of Fissured Aquifers in a Mining Context: The Case Study of the Yaoure Gold Project (Central-West Ivory Coast)
Yao Kouadio Michel,
Dibi Brou,
Mangoua Oi Mangoua Jules,
Konan Oi Yao Noel Xavier,
Adjoro Serge,
Ble Jean Fidele Yrro
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
113-121
Received:
22 August 2021
Accepted:
22 September 2021
Published:
12 October 2021
Abstract: Mining is a major concern for the availability of groundwater resources due to the continual pumping out for pit dewatering. The objective of the study is to assess the impact of mining on the functioning of the aquifer system of the Yaoure Gold Project area. The methodology adopted was to first caracterize the aquifer system by producing the fracturing map from remote sensing. Endeed, the water level in the aquifer system was determined by the Castany method. The piezometry was studied in low and high water in order to determine the recharge and discharge zones and to follow the behaviour of the water in the aquifer system. Finally, the analysis of pumping test sheets was used to determine the hydrodynamic characteristics of the aquifer. The results obtained show 170 lineaments oriented in the N-S, NE-SW and NW-SE directions. The recharge of the aquifer is 46.5 mm/year with discharge zones observed in the north-east and south sectors and a recharge zone in the north of the study area. Water level variations in some boreholes and the determined transmissivity values varying between 1.85.10-6 and 3.5.10-4 m2/s (average of 2.47.10-5 m2/s), indicate a probable influence of pumping on the water level in the aquifer. Groundwater flows preferentially in a west-east direction and could generally discharge into the Bandama River. The hydraulic conductivities vary between 1.23.10-7 and 1.32.10-5 m/s with an average of 3.3710-6 m/s. The specific flow rates vary between 0.05 and 3.6 m3/h/m and the average value is 0.61 m3/h/m.
Abstract: Mining is a major concern for the availability of groundwater resources due to the continual pumping out for pit dewatering. The objective of the study is to assess the impact of mining on the functioning of the aquifer system of the Yaoure Gold Project area. The methodology adopted was to first caracterize the aquifer system by producing the fract...
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Evaluation of Variability of Watershed Hydrological Partitioning: The Case of Mormora River, South Eastern Ethiopia
Girma Kebebew Tufa,
Ebbawak Saboka Megarsa
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
122-128
Received:
1 September 2021
Accepted:
28 September 2021
Published:
12 October 2021
Abstract: Water resources management in a watershed requires the quantification of the water potential. This is usually achieved by the estimation of the hydrological and meteorological characteristics of the watershed using observed data to carry out statistical estimates. Hydrological and meteorological data for the Mormora watershed were collected to analyze the hydrologic partitioning behavior of the watershed. The available data include a daily record of stream flow data from 1990 to 2007, a thirty years (1983-2012) monthly average precipitation at meteorological stations with in or near the watershed, and a 31 years (1981-2011) maximum and minimum temperature data at the same meteorological stations. The missed data of stream flow was in filled by simple regression method, and an outlier test, F-test, and T-test was computed for the data to check its quality. Necessary information about the geography of the area was obtained from LuLc, Soil, River, DEM, and climate map of Ethiopia, using ArcGIS software. Daily stream flow was converted to monthly scale and was partitioned to base flow and direct runoff using WHAT software. The maximum and minimum temperature data were used to estimate the potential evapotranspiration of the watershed using the 1985 Hargreaves equation. Average areal rainfall was estimated by Thiessen polygon method using ArcGIS software. Following these, the annual water balance of the watershed was analyzed using water balance theory. The inter-annual variability of the water balance, and hydrologic indices were analyzed. The relationship between climate and landscape is also studied. The result shows that the Horton Index and Humidity Index of the watershed are relatively constant with a coefficient of variation, Cv≤0.127.Finallyconclusionsaredrawn,andthedifficultiesin making hydrological and meteorological estimates in a watershed with little or no data are highlighted.
Abstract: Water resources management in a watershed requires the quantification of the water potential. This is usually achieved by the estimation of the hydrological and meteorological characteristics of the watershed using observed data to carry out statistical estimates. Hydrological and meteorological data for the Mormora watershed were collected to anal...
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Evaluation of Water Delivery Performance and Conveyance Efficiency in Gatto Small-Scale Irrigation Scheme, Southern, Ethiopia
Tamirayehu Legesse,
Amare Tadesse
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
129-144
Received:
25 August 2021
Accepted:
30 September 2021
Published:
28 October 2021
Abstract: Irrigation could serve as a viable solution to address the problem of food insecurity by increasing, boosting agricultural production. This research work was conducted to evaluate the performance of Gatto irrigation scheme using some selected performance indicators specifically, water delivery performance, conveyance efficiency and maintenance indicators of the scheme with in the investigation period of October to December 2017. The discharge measurement was performed at twelve measuring points on main canal and eight at two secondary cannels by using VALEPORT automatic current meter and 3-inch Parshall flumes for each selected nine tertiary offtakes from three each at the head, middle and tail end of the scheme. Water delivery performance evaluated with respect to adequacy, equity, efficiency and dependability was focused on variability in discharges of water distribution from head to tail reach and, during the crop season from October to December with overall average value equal to 0.70, 0.44, 0.89 and 0.53 respectively. Thus, the irrigation scheme when compared with Molden and Gates (1990) standards was found under poor condition in adequacy, equity and dependability and under good condition in efficiency. Estimated overall water conveyance efficiencies of the main, first and secondary canals were 86.3%, 77.53% and 73.13% respectively. However, the result found in the scheme was smaller than FAO (1989b) recommended value (95%) and (90%) for lined and unlined cannels with clay soil type. The design depth of water based on the design document was 0.42m nevertheless the actual depth of water in the main canal was 0.26 m due to this the relative change of the water level was 38.1% this greater than 0 value indicates that the intended water level in the main canal has not been achieved due to sediment accumulation in the canal. The result of Gatto small scale irrigation scheme of effective of infrastructures is reckoned to be 57.2 percent and sustainability of irrigation scheme is 88%. Many of the structures are demolished and became dysfunctional because of scouring, sedimentation and silt accumulation. Generally, the performance of the system is poor, it mainly results due to inadequate operation and maintenance provisions and over abstraction of water by upstream users. Therefore, adequate maintenance and other suitable management and operation approaches are required to improve the irrigation system performance. So, all stakeholders must work together in order to minimize factors that hinder the good performance of the irrigation system.
Abstract: Irrigation could serve as a viable solution to address the problem of food insecurity by increasing, boosting agricultural production. This research work was conducted to evaluate the performance of Gatto irrigation scheme using some selected performance indicators specifically, water delivery performance, conveyance efficiency and maintenance indi...
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Development of the GeoCRP for Smart River Management in the Smart City(I)
Bonhyun Koo,
Seunguk Oh,
Jaseob Koo,
Kyucheoul Shim
Issue:
Volume 10, Issue 5, October 2021
Pages:
145-155
Received:
7 October 2021
Accepted:
25 October 2021
Published:
30 October 2021
Abstract: In this study, we developed the Geo City River Platform (GeoCRP), which regularly collects data on the web and provides the analyzed information by performing flood analysis based on the collected information in order to effectively perform smart city river management. GeoCRP was analyzed and tested in the Eco Delta City (EDC) area. In this platform, a watershed runoff analysis model, a river flow analysis model and an urban runoff analysis model were applied for flood analysis in EDC. GeoCRP can obtain more reliable results by taking a step-by-step approach to urban overflow that may occur in smart cities through the applied model. In addition, since all analysis processes such as data collection, input data generation and result data storage are automatically performed on the web, analysis can be performed, and results can be viewed if an environment that can access the web is established without special equipment or tools. The displayed analysis result is provided visually so that the user can intuitively confirm the information, so it is easy to understand the analysis results. Through this, smart city managers can effectively manage rivers, and it is expected that educational institutions will be able to use it as educational material on urban runoff.
Abstract: In this study, we developed the Geo City River Platform (GeoCRP), which regularly collects data on the web and provides the analyzed information by performing flood analysis based on the collected information in order to effectively perform smart city river management. GeoCRP was analyzed and tested in the Eco Delta City (EDC) area. In this platfor...
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